Sterile lipopolysaccharide (Escherichia coli 0111:B4)

Overview

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a complex molecule composed of lipids and polysaccharides, mainly present in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. LPS consists of lipid A, core oligosaccharide (core), and O-specific polysaccharide or O antigen (Oag), fixed in the bacterial outer membrane, with lipid A primarily responsible for its associated toxicity. As an effective activator of pro-inflammatory responses, LPS is involved in various mammalian cells, including macrophages, monocytes, and endothelial cells. While protecting Gram-negative bacteria from environmental stresses, LPS also triggers the recognition by the innate immune system during the infection process. This product is provided as a lyophilized powder treated with γ-rays. For resuspension, add 1 ml of sterile balanced salt solution or tissue culture medium to the vial (1 mg) and gently shake until the powder dissolves. The resuspended product can be further diluted to the desired working concentration with sterile balanced salt solution or tissue culture medium.