Enzymes, as highly efficient catalysts evolved from nature, have fast turnover rates and precise specificity. Improving enzyme catalytic activity and stability is crucial in various biological, medical, and industrial applications. Multiple computational methods have been used to study the performance of enzyme variants, but accurately simulating the impact of mutants on enzyme catalytic ability remains…
Enzymes are important biological catalysts in all living cells: they facilitate chemical reactions, through which all molecules important for living organisms are produced from specific substrates. Most living organisms possess thousands of different enzymes, each of which is responsible for a very specific reaction. The combined action of all enzymes constitutes the metabolic system, which…
Abstract Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gaseous microbial metabolite, and its role in intestinal diseases is highly controversial. This is mainly due to the difficulty of accurately measuring H2S and the use of model systems that cannot accurately represent the human intestinal environment for research. In this paper, the engineered Escherichia coli designed by the…
Many microorganisms accumulate compatible solutes to counteract external pressures such as high osmotic pressure, high temperature, drying, and freezing. Among numerous compatible solutes, tetrahydropyrimidine stands out for its significant efficacy in effectively protecting halophilic cells from osmotic pressure imbalance and maintaining the stability of intracellular biomolecules. Recent studies have shown that tetrahydropyrimidine has the potential…
The recombinant protein expression technology was established in the early 70s of the 20th century, in which the target gene was introduced into the host cell through a vector, and the target protein was produced with the help of the host’s protein production mechanism. Nowadays, many researchers use prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells such as Escherichia…
Enzymes are important biological catalysts in all living cells: they facilitate chemical reactions, through which all molecules important for living organisms are produced from specific substrates. Most living organisms possess thousands of different enzymes, each of which is responsible for a very specific reaction. The combined action of all enzymes constitutes the metabolic system, which…
Since DeepMind launched AlphaFold, many scientists have used AlphaFold to predict protein structures, and many scientists say that the AI system has greatly helped their scientific work. But behind the brilliance is a shadow, and some studies have questioned the accuracy of AlphaFold, arguing that some of the predicted proteins are useless. Some scientists have…
Every leap forward in technology is drawing a blueprint for the future. Among the many scientific and technological innovations, biotechnology, with its unique charm and far-reaching impact, is gradually becoming a key force to promote global progress. It has not only revolutionized the healthcare sector, but has also shown its unlimited potential in a variety…
Did you know that “tiny” cells are also ‘factories’? Nowadays, biosynthesis technology with the concept of “green and sustainable development” is playing an increasingly important role. However, the protagonists of this clean revolution are not the factories with tall chimneys, but the micron-sized microorganisms (most of them), known as “cell factories”. Q1 So, how do…
Filamentous fungi, collectively known as molds, are widely used. Widely distributed in nature due to its abundant species, wide sources, and ease of use Due to its characteristics of industrialization, it has been widely applied in multiple fields. song Filamentous species such as Aspergillus and Trichoderma. Fungi have excellent protein synthesis and secretion abilities and…
The rapid development of genome editing technology has enabled precise and efficient genome modification in the field of microorganisms. This technology not only enables scientists to better understand the biological characteristics of microorganisms, but also provides unprecedented possibilities for fields such as biopharmaceuticals, industrial production, and environmental protection. CRISPR-Cas9 is a revolutionary gene editing technology,…
In the biopharmaceutical process, cell lines play a crucial role as a marker for the activation of CMC. A good cell line can not only reduce the difficulty of CMC development, but also greatly reduce the cost of drug development. However, the development of cell lines is a long and complex process, with multiple stages…
What Are Gene Fragments? Gene fragments are short sequences of DNA that represent a portion of a gene or a collection of genes. These fragments are synthetically constructed to match exact sequences required for various scientific and medical applications. Unlike full genes, gene fragments are smaller and easier to handle, making them ideal for use…
What is miRNA MiRNA generally refers to micro RNA. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non coding single stranded RNA molecules with a length of approximately 19-24nt encoded by endogenous genes, which participate in post transcriptional gene expression regulation in animals and plants. MiRNAs are usually located between genes or in intronic regions, so it…
