Enzyme Chemical Modification Services

CD Biosynsis offers specialized Enzyme Chemical Modification services to enhance enzyme stability, alter substrate specificity, or introduce new functionalities, such as fluorescent labeling or PEGylation. Chemical modification is a powerful tool for improving therapeutic enzyme performance, developing advanced diagnostic reagents, and optimizing biocatalysts. We employ precise, site-specific, or residue-specific chemistries targeting functional groups like amines, thiols, and carboxylic acids. Our platform includes conjugation optimization with various polymers (e.g., PEG), fluorescent probes, or biotin tags. The service ensures that modification is carried out with minimal loss of original enzymatic activity, followed by rigorous purification and full characterization to confirm the modification site and resulting function.

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Tailored Chemical Strategies for Functionalizing Enzymes

Chemical modification is essential for therapeutic protein engineering, where PEGylation is used to extend the half-life of drugs by increasing hydrodynamic size and reducing immunogenicity. For diagnostics, tagging enzymes with fluorescent or magnetic labels enables highly sensitive detection systems. Our process starts with identifying the accessible and non-essential amino acid residues on the enzyme surface. We then optimize the reaction conditions—including stoichiometry, pH, and temperature—to achieve the desired degree of modification and site selectivity. The final modified enzyme is subjected to chromatographic purification (e.g., SEC, IEX) to remove unreacted labels and reactants, followed by functional testing to verify activity retention and stability enhancement.

Customizable Enzyme Chemical Modification Modules

Modification & Conjugation Types Targeted Residue Chemistry Characterization & Applications

Choose the Modification or Conjugation Type

Select the desired chemical group or molecule to be attached to your enzyme:

Check the box next to the Modification Type you wish to perform:

PEGylation (Polyethylene Glycol)

Fluorescent Dye Conjugation

Biotinylation (Biotin Tag)

Small Molecule Drug Conjugation

Enzyme-Antibody Conjugation

Radiolabeling (for Imaging)

Hydrophobicity Modification

Functional Group Derivatization

Targeted Chemical Residue Chemistry

Select the specific chemical approach based on residue targeting:

Select the chemical targeting method best suited for your enzyme:

Lysine (Amine) Modification

Cysteine (Thiol) Modification

Carboxylic Acid Modification

Tyrosine/Histidine Modification

N- or C-Terminal Targeting

Click Chemistry Conjugation

Redox-Mediated Modification

Site-Directed Mutagenesis Support

Quality Control and Functional Testing

Essential downstream characterization to validate the modification:

Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Confirmation of the modification sites and stoichiometry (number of molecules attached per enzyme).

Activity Retention Measurement

Determining the percentage of original catalytic activity preserved after chemical modification.

Stability and Half-life Testing

In vitro or in vivo studies to quantify the enhancement in thermal stability or circulatory half-life (for PEGylation).

Enzyme Chemical Modification Workflow

A staged process for precise conjugation and functional validation.

Enzyme & Reagent Preparation

Reaction Optimization & Modification

Purification & Removal of Excess

Characterization & Functional QC

Enzyme QC: Verify the purity and activity of the starting soluble enzyme.

Reagent Selection: Source the appropriate activated chemical tag (e.g., activated PEG, maleimide dye).

Pilot Reactions: Screen various reaction conditions (pH, temperature, molar ratio of enzyme:reagent) to control the degree of modification.

Scale-Up Modification: Execute the optimized protocol to generate the required amount of modified enzyme.

Quenching: Stop the reaction and remove free, unreacted modification reagent.

Final Purification: Use chromatographic techniques (e.g., SEC, IEX) to separate the modified enzyme product from the unmodified enzyme and reaction byproducts.

  • Stoichiometry Analysis: Confirm the average number of attached labels per enzyme via Mass Spec.
  • Activity Assay: Compare the catalytic activity of the modified enzyme vs. the unmodified control.
  • Documentation: Provide detailed modification protocol (SOP), CoA, and full characterization data.

Precision Labeling and Functional Enhancement

Controlled Stoichiometry

           

Precise control over the number of molecules attached (e.g., degree of PEGylation), confirmed by Mass Spectrometry.

Activity Retention Guarantee

           

Protocols optimized to minimize activity loss, essential for therapeutic and diagnostic applications.

Purity of Conjugate

           

High-resolution purification ensures removal of unreacted reagents and separation from unmodified enzyme.

Therapeutic Enhancement

           

Expertise in PEGylation to improve pharmacokinetics (PK) and reduce immunogenicity for enzyme-based drugs.

Client Testimonials on Enzyme Chemical Modification

"The site-specific PEGylation they achieved on our therapeutic enzyme resulted in a tenfold increase in circulatory half-life while retaining over 95% activity."

Dr. Alex Thompson, Biopharmaceutical R&D

"We used their service for fluorescent labeling of a diagnostic enzyme. The consistency and confirmed stoichiometry via Mass Spec were essential for our product validation."

Ms. Sofia Petrova, IVD Development Scientist

"Their expertise in Cysteine chemistry allowed us to selectively attach a small molecule drug to our enzyme scaffold, successfully creating a high-quality conjugate."

Mr. Ben Cho, Conjugation Technology Manager

FAQs about Enzyme Chemical Modification

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What is PEGylation and why is it used for therapeutic enzymes?

PEGylation is the covalent attachment of polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains to an enzyme. It is used to increase the enzyme's hydrodynamic size, which reduces renal clearance (extending half-life in the bloodstream) and often masks antigenic sites (reducing immunogenicity).

How do you ensure the modification does not destroy enzyme activity?

We use selective chemistries that target accessible, non-catalytic residues (e.g., surface lysines). We also perform rigorous optimization of the reagent-to-enzyme ratio and reaction conditions to control the degree of substitution, minimizing modification near the active site.

Can you perform site-specific modification?

Yes. By utilizing technologies like introducing a unique Cysteine residue via site-directed mutagenesis, we can employ highly specific thiol chemistry (e.g., maleimide chemistry) to target only that single introduced site for highly controlled, site-specific conjugation.

How do you verify the modification was successful?

We use orthogonal techniques: Mass Spectrometry confirms the increase in mass and identifies the modified residues; SDS-PAGE shows a shift in size (especially for PEGylation); and functional assays confirm activity retention.

How much does Metabolic Engineering services cost?

The cost of Metabolic Engineering services depends on the project scope, complexity of the target compound, the host organism chosen, and the required yield optimization. We provide customized quotes after a detailed discussion of your specific research objectives.

Do your engineered strains meet regulatory standards?

We adhere to high quality control standards in all strain construction and optimization processes. While we do not handle final regulatory approval, our detailed documentation and compliance with best laboratory practices ensure your engineered strains are prepared for necessary regulatory filings (e.g., GRAS, FDA).

What to look for when selecting the best gene editing service?

We provide various gene editing services such as CRISPR-sgRNA library generation, stable transformation cell line generation, gene knockout cell line generation, and gene point mutation cell line generation. Users are free to select the type of service that suits their research.

Does gene editing allow customisability?

Yes, we offer very customised gene editing solutions such as AAV vector capsid directed evolution, mRNA vector gene delivery, library creation, promoter evolution and screening, etc.

What is the process for keeping data private and confidential?

We adhere to the data privacy policy completely, and all customer data and experimental data are kept confidential.

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